The relationship between Islam and terrorism: A review in historical context/ ইসলাম ও সন্ত্রাসের সম্পর্ক : ইতিহাসের প্রেক্ষাপটে একটি পর্যালোচনা

Abstract

This paper critically examines the relationship between Islam and terrorism through a historical lens, challenging the widespread narrative that links a major world religion with violence and extremism. Drawing on Islamic scriptures, historical episodes, and contemporary socio-political contexts, the study argues that terrorism is neither rooted in Islamic theology nor reflective of mainstream Muslim beliefs and practices. Rather, the misuse of Islamic symbols and terminology by fringe groups is a relatively modern phenomenon, often emerging in response to colonialism, authoritarian regimes, foreign interventions, and socio-economic marginalization.

             The paper highlights that early Islamic teachings emphasized peace, justice, and compassion, and even military actions in early Islam were governed by strict ethical codes. The demonization of Islam, particularly post-9/11, has been significantly amplified by media misrepresentation and political rhetoric, fostering Islamophobia and cultural misunderstandings. Historical case studies of various Muslim societies across regions and eras reveal that the overwhelming majority of Islamic movements were non-violent, reformist, and socially constructive. The research concludes that addressing global terrorism requires not a religious critique, but a nuanced understanding of political, economic, and geopolitical factors. Only then can we dismantle the false equivalence between Islam and terrorism and promote a more accurate and just global discourse.