ভরতেন্দু হরিশ্চন্দ্রের রচিত হিন্দি দোঁহায় ভাবানুভূতি ও আবেগাতিশয্য : একটি সমীক্ষা/ Emotion and sentimentality in Hindi poetry written by Bharatendu Harishchandra: A study

Abstract

Bharatendu Harishchandra, often regarded as the father of modern Hindi literature, revolutionized the literary landscape of 19th-century India through his dohas—concise poetic couplets that blend emotion, social awareness, and moral instruction. This study explores the multifaceted dimensions of Bharatendu’s dohas, focusing on the expression of personal emotions, including love, sorrow, and the transient nature of life, alongside his engagement with social issues such as poverty, superstition, and civic responsibility. Furthermore, the research examines the poet’s nationalist sentiment, highlighting how his dohas cultivate a sense of patriotic duty and collective consciousness. Employing a literary-historical approach, the paper analyses the structural and aesthetic aspects of his dohas, including their rhythmic precision, brevity, and rhetorical devices, which amplify the emotional and didactic impact. Bharatendu’s mastery of rasa theory—the subtle interplay of emotional flavors—is emphasized, demonstrating how love, humor, pathos, and moral reflection coexist within his compact couplets. This study argues that the enduring relevance of Bharatendu’s dohas lies in their ability to resonate with contemporary readers while simultaneously preserving the literary and cultural ethos of his era. Ultimately, his dohas serve as a bridge between traditional literary forms and modern social, ethical, and nationalist consciousness.